Remote Sensing in Field Crop Monitoring: A Comprehensive Review of Sensor Systems, Data Analyses and Recent Advances

The key elements that underpin food security require the adaptation of agricultural systems to support productivity increases while minimizing inputs and adverse effects climate change. advances in precision agriculture over past few years have substantially enhanced efficiency applying spatially variable agronomic for irrigation, such as fertilizers, pesticides, seeds, water, we can attribute them increasing number innovations utilize new technologies are capable monitoring field crops varying spatial temporal changes. Remote sensing technology is primary driver success agriculture, along with other technologies, Internet Things (IoT), robotic systems, weather forecasting technology, global positioning (GPSs). More specifically, multispectral imaging (MSI) hyperspectral (HSI) made crop health aid decision making application temporally possible. Furthermore, fusion remotely sensed multisource data—for instance, HSI LiDAR (light detection ranging) data fusion—has even it possible monitor changes different parts an individual plant. To best our knowledge, most reviews on this topic, authors focus specific methods and/or or no comprehensive expose researchers, especially students, vast range remote used agriculture. In article, describe/evaluate (RS) using spectral imaging, provide a thorough discipline-specific starting point researchers levels by supplying sufficient details references. We also high light strengths drawbacks each which will help readers select appropriate method their intended uses.